{"id":7801,"date":"2023-03-05T11:29:30","date_gmt":"2023-03-05T11:29:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/?page_id=7801"},"modified":"2023-04-25T10:29:30","modified_gmt":"2023-04-25T10:29:30","slug":"desmak-m1c2-essentials","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/essentials\/","title":{"rendered":"Essentials"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7801\" class=\"elementor elementor-7801\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-61a7f4f elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"61a7f4f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7505114\" data-id=\"7505114\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7381ed5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7381ed5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE.png\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048 wp-image-10145\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE.png 2048w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE-300x44.png 300w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE-1024x150.png 1024w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE-768x113.png 768w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE-1536x225.png 1536w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/DWA-CJ_Toolbox_KEYVISUAL_Website-Header_2048x300_OHNE-600x88.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26f048f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"26f048f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-820e2a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"820e2a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-256f43a\" data-id=\"256f43a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33d5174 elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"33d5174\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dac3f3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dac3f3e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d74c808\" data-id=\"d74c808\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6577a64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6577a64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c27763 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4c27763\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Essentials<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ecc5d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"5ecc5d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d3c7add elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1d3c7add\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76b6907c\" data-id=\"76b6907c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f99d698 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f99d698\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Constructive approach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d85b08c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d85b08c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Main topics<\/strong>: Constructive journalism introduction, change of mindset andfocus, add-on to investigative and breaking news, three constructive pillars,elements of a solutions story, goals of constructive journalism,what constructive journalism is and what it is not.<\/p><p><strong>Summary:<\/strong><br \/>Constructive journalism is an approach that aims to provide audiences with a fair, accurate and contextualized picture of the world, without overemphasizing the negative and exclusively focusing on what is going wrong. It\u2019s a response to the increasing tabloidization, sensationalism and negativity that dominates much of the news media today. It aims to introduce journalistic innovation to tackle some of today\u2019s problems around news consumption and engagement. It is not a reinvention of journalism, rather it is a shift in focus and tone that includes solution, nuance and dialogue. Constructive journalism has the rigor and critical eye of good journalism and is modeled on three \u201cpillars\u201d: (1) solutions, (2) context and nuance, (3) dialogue and engagement.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-25efd5a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25efd5a2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-147ace4f\" data-id=\"147ace4f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fd1aa15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7fd1aa15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Is traditional journalism enough anymore?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fd8aa98 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5fd8aa98\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1283cae2\" data-id=\"1283cae2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-515764cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"515764cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Traditional journalism focuses on challenges and problems, thereby fulfilling an essential watchdog role. But it usually leaves it at that. That\u2019s because journalism\u2019s predominant theory of change says that simply uncovering problems leads to reform. However, proponents of constructive journalism take a different approach; they say that this theory of change is incomplete, insufficient and not enough to resolve problems. Why? Often a community lacks awareness or the knowledge about how to successfully meet challenges it faces. Or people don\u2019t have the tools and methods needed to engage in meaningful dialogue. Or community members might not have sufficient information and context to fully understand the complexity of an issue.\u00a0<\/p><p>A constructive approach to journalism takes a different look at the media\u2019s role in society and how media practitioners approach their work. It asks the media to consider if the old model is working or if it is time for something new?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-90f680b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"90f680b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e6ad19d\" data-id=\"4e6ad19d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33701f63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"33701f63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is constructive journalism?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5737836c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5737836c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54834e1f\" data-id=\"54834e1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a0409b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a0409b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The concepts behind constructive journalism have been explored, discussed, reviewed and explained by scholars, researchers and practitioners for around two decades. There\u2019s no one definition they\u2019ve all agreed on.<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/constructiveinstitute.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Constructive Institute <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/constructiveinstitute.org\/\">(CI)<\/a>, based at Aarhus University in Denmark, has been one of the main drivers in conceptualizing and organizing the constructive journalism approach. The institute defines constructive journalism as<strong> \u201can approach that aims to provide audiences with a fair, accurate and contextualized picture of the world, without overemphasizing the negative and what is going wrong.\u201d <\/strong><\/p><p>That is, instead of only about what is broken, the journalist working in a constructive mode also reports about things that work. Constructive reporters move beyond being a notice board for the public\u2019s problems and fears. They see their role as a more active one in serving their community and society as it seeks solutions and ways out of division.<\/p><p>In addition, constructive journalism goes a step further than problem-centered journalism and asks: now what? Its philosophy is: We know what the problem is, but let\u2019s also talk about what people are doing about it and how to move forward. This is in contrast to much journalism, which is firmly oriented toward the past. While this usual look backwards does make sense as journalists usually report on past events, adding an orientation towards the future can transform conflicts into possibilities. It allows journalism to explore opportunities for progress instead of simply rehashing a problem once again.<\/p><p>Below is a more detailed explanation of some of the main principles and ideas characteristic of constructive journalism.<\/p><p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>An additional layer:<\/strong> The Constructive Institute sees constructive journalism as a new take on traditional reporting, an add-on to the journalist\u2019s toolkit, not a wholesale reinvention. Constructive journalism can easily complement breaking and investigative news.<\/p><ul><li><strong>Breaking news<\/strong> keeps the audience informed about events that are transpiring now or just happened, but through necessity it often prioritizes speed and drama over context.<\/li><li><strong>Investigative journalism<\/strong> emphasizes the media\u2019s watchdog role \u2013 holding governments, businesses and the powerful accountable for their actions. It offers great value in regions where weak institutional checks and balances can be bolstered by rigorous reporting. For instance Anas Aremyaw Anas, an undercover investigative journalist in Ghana, has often stated that his professional motivation is to expose corruption and wrongdoing and to name, shame and, if necessary, get people jailed who are involved in such acts.<\/li><li><strong>Constructive journalism<\/strong> recognizes problems but goes a step further and reports about responses to those problems by answering the question \u201cWhat Now?\u201d. It can take up from where investigative reporting left off. For instance, the investigative story uncovers the problem and finds who\u2019s at fault while the constructive story looks at where we go from here. How do we deal with this problem now (forward thinking) or what are some places where a similar problem has been tackled (solutions). Investigative and constructive reporting are inherently complementary.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f7ef7d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f7ef7d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6442b2e4\" data-id=\"6442b2e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ef3e7ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ef3e7ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"751\" height=\"341\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Bildschirmfoto-2023-02-15-um-18.26.04.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-5815\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Bildschirmfoto-2023-02-15-um-18.26.04.png 769w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Bildschirmfoto-2023-02-15-um-18.26.04-300x136.png 300w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Bildschirmfoto-2023-02-15-um-18.26.04-600x272.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2792e3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2792e3d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73f3344\" data-id=\"73f3344\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f2ae916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f2ae916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><em>Some characteristics of three types of journalism (Source: Constructive Institute)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74f41cf7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74f41cf7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9cfd49c\" data-id=\"9cfd49c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61c9fd92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61c9fd92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Shift of mindset:\u00a0<\/strong>Constructive journalism shifts away from focusing solely on conflict and negativity. It seeks to break ingrained habits that have become reflexes for many journalists, such as:\u00a0<\/p><ul><li><strong>\u201cBad news is good news\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0This is the knee-jerk response of many journalists. Constructive journalism doesn\u2019t ignore negative events and problems, but it looks at the reasons for them and ways people are responding to them.<\/li><li><strong>Hunting for misery:<\/strong>\u00a0When disaster strikes, for example, most journalists look for victims and the most miserable testimonies of those who have lost everything. The constructive journalist also explores resilience, looks for examples of those who are coping and writes about how they\u2019re doing it.<\/li><li><strong>Playing watchdog ALL the time:<\/strong>\u00a0Watchdog journalism is crucial, but it should not be the only approach to reporting. Journalism can be counterproductive when journalists denounce everything they report on.<\/li><li><strong>Hosting sterile debates:<\/strong>\u00a0Spectacular but sterile debates don\u2019t advance any cause. Can a journalist simply sit two opposing camps across from each other and have them talk at each other without listening and call it good journalism? This media culture of non-stop confrontation for the sake of it has reached the end of its shelf life.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Framing:\u00a0<\/strong>This refers to how issues are packaged and presented to consumers of news. In a news story, a frame is \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/mapp_capstone\/123\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a central organizing idea or story line<\/a>\u00a0that provides meaning to an unfolding strip of events weaving a connection among them. The frame suggests what the controversy is about, the essence of the issue.\u201d It\u2019s the process by which journalists select aspects of a story and highlight or downplay them in their reports. Framing strongly affects how a news event is perceived by the audience and is influenced by things such as the choice of words or images, or which facts reporters include. Problem-based journalism often chooses a negative frame, highlighting what is bleak. Constructive journalism seeks to shift the frame away from total doom and gloom and towards another perspective, such as a solution, resilience or cooperation.<\/p><p><strong>Positive psychology:<\/strong>\u00a0Constructive journalism draws on the field of positive psychology, which is a scientific approach to studying human thoughts, feelings and behavior. Positive psychology puts the focus on\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/positivepsychology.com\/what-is-positive-psychology-definition\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">strengths instead of weaknesses<\/a>\u00a0instead of focusing on mental illness and negative thinking. Some constructive thinkers like the Danish journalist Cathrine Gyldensted recommend applying positive psychology\u2019s PERMA model\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.uio.no\/TJMI\/article\/view\/2403\/5102\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to constructive reporting<\/a>. The acronym PERMA stands for\u00a0<strong>P<\/strong>ositive emotion,\u00a0<strong>E<\/strong>ngagement, good\u00a0<strong>R<\/strong>elationships,\u00a0<strong>M<\/strong>eaning and\u00a0<strong>A<\/strong>chievement. According to the founder of the positive psychology movement, American psychologist Martin Seligman, these are key elements for a flourishing life which enable people to overcome \u201clearned helplessness\u201d, which can be a byproduct of exposure to too much negative news.<\/p><p><strong>Return to core journalistic values:<\/strong>\u00a0In many ways, constructive journalism takes reporting back to the core values of balance, fairness and sober-mindedness \u2013 values that have often been lost among all the noise and the race against time. Reporters taking a constructive approach still need to conduct thorough research, investigate claims and get different sides of a story. But additionally, they need to explore solutions being tried, go deeper and leave their biases at the door.<\/p><p><strong>Adjusting newsroom practices:\u00a0<\/strong>The shift away from problem-centered journalism toward this forward-looking approach impacts every step in the newsroom workflow.<\/p><ul><li>Research goes beyond the 5 W\u2019s (What, When, Where, Why and Who) to What Now?<\/li><li>Interviews shift from accusatory to curious and open minded.<\/li><li>The style of the journalism moves from dramatic to curious.<\/li><li>The relationship between journalists and the news audience changes. The reporter becomes a facilitator of conversations between the public, experts and those in power.<\/li><\/ul><p><em><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8259\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"23\" height=\"23\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png 130w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 23px) 100vw, 23px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> See Handout 2: <\/a><\/em><em>Constructive Journalism \u2013 institutions, dedicated media outlets and formats<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-de3aedf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"de3aedf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d2caf11\" data-id=\"7d2caf11\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a555be7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a555be7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the elements of constructive journalism?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-571c8af1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"571c8af1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Constructive journalism serves as a catalyst to enable dialogue and participation through open, engaging, solutions-oriented and comprehensive media reportage. The model aims to breathe new life into journalism by encouraging open conversation and enhancing grassroots participation in communities, things on which healthy societies depend.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d8714b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d8714b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"560\" height=\"425\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230328_DWA-Constructive_Journalism_Schaubild_DE_72dpi_PNG.png\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048 wp-image-12394\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230328_DWA-Constructive_Journalism_Schaubild_DE_72dpi_PNG.png 560w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/20230328_DWA-Constructive_Journalism_Schaubild_DE_72dpi_PNG-300x228.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-42447abd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"42447abd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b95532d\" data-id=\"7b95532d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ceb2177 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ceb2177\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Element 1: Solutions<\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"color: var(--body-color); font-family: var(--body-font);\">Often, news consumers only get stories about failure. Failure of people, failure of institutions, failure of governments and societies. This begins to erode trust. Constructive journalists report on problems, of course, but they also look at solutions to these problems that are being tried out. There are things that are going right in the world after all, so let\u2019s also talk about those. People don&#8217;t change merely because someone points out their problems. They need to know that change is possible and see models of how to do it. Societies work the same way.<\/span><\/p><p>For example, what initiatives, projects, innovative approaches and programs have been implemented to reduce poverty, decrease polarization, increase literacy and enhance access to quality healthcare and education? Constructive journalists seek out approaches by groups, governments and individuals and explore if they\u2019ve worked, if they\u2019re sustainable and whether or not they could be replicated in other places where similar problems exist. A solution in one region might work in another, or it might not.<\/p><p>Using the word \u201csolution\u201d can imply that the journalist is claiming that something will completely resolve a problem. This isn\u2019t the case \u2013 or at least not very often. The bigger a problem, the more complex it is and the less likely it is to find a perfect solution that works for all. The New York-based <a href=\"https:\/\/www.solutionsjournalism.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Solutions Journalism Network<\/a>, a major advocate of a constructive approach, prefers the term \u201cresponse\u201d, which makes sense. Journalists should be clear-eyed about a response\u2019s success rate and then report accordingly. Some responses are successful, others less so.\u00a0 The goal of a solutions story is to yield practical insights about how a problem could be addressed. Even responses that have not been successful can provide valuable lessons.<\/p><p><strong>Example: <\/strong>In Bangladesh, more than 1,500 people drowned in less than two years, more than 70% of them children. The traditional story relates those statistics and leaves it there. The constructive one notes that child drowning is a serious problem, but then highlights a program by a non-profit group that teaches children in villages how to swim. In the program\u2019s three years, the number of drownings among children between five and nine dropped 48%. It\u2019s an approach that might be replicated in other areas with a similar problem.\u00a0<\/p><p><b>When can you use<\/b><b> the solutions approach? <\/b>Most responses to problems can be good candidates for solution stories. This approach is probably not suitable for fast-moving, breaking news, but it can be right for second-day or longer-term follow-up stories, providing a fresh follow-up angle to news events.<\/p><p><strong><b>Ingredients of a solutions story<\/b>:<\/strong> Some solutions stories come in for criticism as simply pointing out something done by a \u201cdo-gooder\u201d. This kind of story is advocacy or promotion, the critics say, which is not good journalism. In response to that, the Solutions Journalism Network has identified four criteria that a solutions-centered story should contain in order to meet its standards of rigorous journalism.<\/p><ol><li><strong>Response to a problem:<\/strong> A solutions story focuses on how people or institutions are trying to solve a problem, successfully or not. The story clearly explains the problem and describes how the response tries to address it.<\/li><li><strong>Evidence of results:<\/strong> A good solution story must provide evidence of the success or impact of the response. Attention should be on how the response is benefiting members of the target group. Constructive journalists examine the solutions and look at data or testimonies that show effectiveness. Good intentions are not enough! Solutions stories are up front with audiences about the evidence \u2014 what it tells us and what it doesn\u2019t. A particularly innovative response can be a good story even without much evidence. But the reporter has to be transparent and explain why the response is newsworthy anyway.<\/li><li><strong><b>Lessons<\/b>:<\/strong> Good solutions stories empower audiences. Therefore, solutions stories highlight the lessons that make the response relevant and accessible to others. What were the challenges, struggles and lessons learned? What useful information can help others respond to their own challenges?<\/li><li><strong>Limitations:<\/strong> No response is perfect. What succeeds in one community may fail somewhere else. A solutions story also points out limitations or weaknesses of a response. What doesn\u2019t work well? Why doesn\u2019t it? This transparency helps the audience to place solutions in context and keeps reporters immune from criticism that they\u2019re engaged in cheerleading for something that doesn\u2019t really work all that well.<\/li><\/ol><p><strong><br \/><b>Element 2: Nuance and perspectives<\/b><br \/><\/strong><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructive journalism approaches embrace complexity and context in order to provide a more accurate view of reality and a deeper understanding of issues. It explores shades of gray rather than black-and-white versions of the world. Instead of boxing complex issues into fiery soundbites and punchy \u201cgotcha\u201d quotes, constructive journalists provide context to complex issues such as the local impact of climate change and corruption. They <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">explore various perspectives and <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">avoid stereotypes and clich\u00e9s, as well as overly emotional, sensationalist or polarizing language, even in the immediate aftermath of crisis or tragedy. They challenge accepted beliefs and even their own hypotheses about stories or issues. If the reporting leads the journalist to abandon an idea of what a story is about and show a more complex reality, that\u2019s fine. It\u2019s about being honest and truthful, about seeing the world as it really is \u2013 taking in the full view and not a preconceived one.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><strong>Examples: <\/strong>The traditional framing of Africa can swing between extremes. The often-cited <em>Economist<\/em> front covers about Africa illustrate this \u201cblack or white\u201d approach. A cover from the year 2000 labeled Africa a \u201chopeless continent\u201d while one from 2013 declared that Africa was \u201crising\u201d, depicting the entire continent as a rainbow-colored balloon soaring into the sky. Without nuance, the problem of bribery and corruption in Africa is often projected as an inevitable product of greed of politicians and business elites. A nuanced analysis could show the structural failings of government systems, offer historical background and comparisons to other regions. This may start a conversation on ways to move forward beyond the paralyzed acceptance of the current reality.<\/p><p><strong><b>When do you include nuance and perspectives<\/b><b>? <br \/><\/b> <\/strong>Pretty much any story. Covering nuance and complexity is simply good journalism. Of course, how much depth a journalism goes into depends on time, resources and story length. But even short stories can adapt constructive elements. More on this in Module 2, Chapter 1.<\/p><p><b>Element 3: Constructive dialogue<\/b><\/p><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Constructive journalism encourages calm and curious conversation about the issues that concern communities. This includes using audience input to identify stories and engaging the public as a story is being reported. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It also aims to facilitate constructive\u00a0 debates<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, even across yawning, difficult divides. The journalist acts as a facilitator of discussion and debate. With an open mind and a careful language, a journalist can explore political topics constructively without inviting accusations of bias from political actors, especially in a polarized democracy. The facilitative role also requires journalists to boost \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.lse.ac.uk\/polis\/2018\/08\/07\/the-rise-of-constructive-journalism-a-sign-that-academics-should-update-their-analytical-frameworks\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">alternative discourses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that are affirmative, creative, under-reported and give voice to underrepresented social actors\u201d. The larger public, not just the elites, are at the center of the news and the conversation around it. the journalist acts in the public\u2019s interest. <\/span><\/p><p><strong>Example:<\/strong> The German weekly newspaper Die Zeit ran a series called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zzwO2xIpXo8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u201cGermany Talks\u201d<\/a>, bringing people from different backgrounds and different opinions on topics together to talk. Their paths otherwise would probably never cross. They sat down together and sometimes found common ground, sometimes didn\u2019t. But even if their opinions didn\u2019t change much, they usually did end up seeing each other as people with legitimate views, not just adversaries. For example, the project brought together a rural man who likens urban environmentalists to terrorists with a city resident who wants more wind turbines.<\/p><p><b>When can dialogue help move things forward? <br \/><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opportunities for fruitful exchange and constructive debate will arise with issues that concern the public, are relatively well known and have already been part of the public conversation. <\/span><\/p><p><em><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8259\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"23\" height=\"23\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png 130w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 23px) 100vw, 23px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> See Handout 3: Constructive story examples from around the world<\/a><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ba27c7c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ba27c7c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70b6db3e\" data-id=\"70b6db3e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e735a63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2e735a63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Checklist for analysis - Is this constructive journalism or not?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ed99c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4ed99c2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36a901dc\" data-id=\"36a901dc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-766384e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"766384e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Is there any approach to respond or a response to a clearly demonstrated social problem?<\/li><li>Is there any proven evidence of the success of this approach? Is the response for the benefit of society &#8211; and measurable?<\/li><li>Do we see how the solution came together and how it works? Details, nuances?<\/li><li>Are the people on the ground shown as characters \u201cgrappling with challenges, experimenting, succeeding, failing, learning\u201d and not just as heroes?<\/li><li>Do we also learn about the limitations of the response? What does not work?<\/li><li>Is the tension located in the difficulties in solving the problem?<\/li><li>Are stereotypes avoided &#8211; in text and images?<\/li><li>Is the tone of the story calm and considered?<\/li><li>Does the story inspire the audience to become active and does the audience have enough information to start with?<\/li><li>Is there a balance between images showing the problem and images giving hope and inspiration?<\/li><\/ul><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do we learn more about motivations and experiences behind opinions?<\/span><\/p><p><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-8259\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"23\" height=\"23\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05.png 130w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Pfeil-Verweis-05-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 23px) 100vw, 23px\" \/> <\/em><\/a><a href=\"\/cjtoolbox\/constructive-approach\/handouts\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>See Handout 4: A constructive checklist<\/em><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-570effb3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"570effb3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7954c80c\" data-id=\"7954c80c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d3cc1df elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7d3cc1df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What are the goals of constructive journalism? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1aeaddd6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1aeaddd6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-277d5e4f\" data-id=\"277d5e4f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61110115 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61110115\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Constructive journalism seeks to make the news environment less toxic by acting as a countervailing force to all the noise and negativity. Its overarching goals are:<\/p><ul><li>Lowering the temperature and tension<\/li><li>Informing without inflaming<\/li><li>Reducing polarization<\/li><li>Decreasing a sense of \u201clearned helplessness\u201d<\/li><li>Strengthening connections to audiences<\/li><li>Increasing public engagement in tackling problems<\/li><\/ul><p>Constructive journalism doesn\u2019t seek to avoid bad news but rather provide balance. It says journalism should cover the bad while not forgetting the good \u2013 stories of inspiration, resilience and innovation belong in the news as much as car accidents, riots, violence and tragedy. Instead of contributing to a sense of despair, the constructive approach aims to inspire and motivate the public.<\/p><p>In an era of increasing divisions in society and decreasing trust in the news, a constructive approach can lower the overall temperature by presenting fact-based, researched stories without resorting to sensationalism and the shouting of highly opinionated firebrands. It wants the news media to seem less overwhelming. In the age of the 24-hour information torrent, the constructive approach slows things down a little. It seeks to give people room to think while giving them the whole story.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d22e657 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d22e657\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bed1da2\" data-id=\"7bed1da2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6206328f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6206328f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-793d2b06 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"793d2b06\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f9f7005\" data-id=\"5f9f7005\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1375f398 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1375f398\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What constructive journalism is and is not <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-19fe8ec6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19fe8ec6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-25b527c\" data-id=\"25b527c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b415757 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b415757\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Constructive Journalism is:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>Rigorous journalism<\/li><li>Critical, objective and balanced<\/li><li>Fact-based and unbiased<\/li><li>Calm in its tone<\/li><li>Concerned with important issues facing society<\/li><li>Resistant to scandals and outrage<\/li><li>Bridging, not polarizing<\/li><li>Forward-looking and future-oriented<\/li><li>Nuanced and contextualized<\/li><li>Simply good journalism!<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-75dd6051\" data-id=\"75dd6051\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-370b01b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"370b01b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Constructive Journalism is NOT:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li>A reinvention of journalism<\/li><li>A blurring of the line between journalism and politics<\/li><li>Uncritical or na\u00efve<\/li><li>Dumbed-down, soft or happy news<\/li><li>A promotion of individuals, governments or civil-society organizations per se \u2013 it looks critically at their actions<\/li><li>Activism<\/li><li>An oversimplification of complex problems or solutions to them<\/li><li>An advocate for a specific solution \u2013 it simply describes and evaluates<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-709905df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"709905df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5494cfca\" data-id=\"5494cfca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77df584e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77df584e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><strong>Problematic solutions stories:<\/strong> Sometimes what looks like a solutions story isn\u2019t really one. Or rather, it doesn\u2019t follow the rules of rigorous reporting that constructive journalism proponents advocate. These types of stories can open up authors or media organizations to accusations of engaging in boosterism or PR instead of quality journalism. That\u2019s not to say these kinds of stories don\u2019t have a place in the media landscape, but they don\u2019t qualify as solutions stories as constructive proponents define them.\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>1. Hero Worship:<\/strong> These are stories that celebrate or glorify an individual, often at the expense of explaining the idea the individual exemplifies. Instead of talking about the merits of an approach an individual is advancing, the piece might gush about the person\u2019s selflessness or personal sacrifice. Saint so-and-so. Good solutions stories talk about the driver behind a response, but the main focus is on the response itself and its effects, not the person.\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Example:<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> 80-year-old leper moves into new home after Bawumia\u2019s intervention<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>2. Silver Bullet:<\/strong> These stories talk about a device or habit or practice in glowing terms \u2013 praising them, for example, as \u201clifesavers\u201d. Solutions journalism is careful not to over-claim. It sticks to what the evidence shows has happened due to the response.\u00a0<\/div><div>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Example:<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> Joy That Lasts, on the Poorest of Playgrounds<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div><div><strong>3. Instant Activist:<\/strong> These kinds of stories ask the reader to contribute money or time to a cause or project. Often there is an emotional plea and then a request for support as a means to \u201csolve\u201d the issue. Solutions journalism is plain old reporting, not fundraising. The news just happens to be a response to a problem.<\/div><div><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 Example:<\/strong> Here&#8217;s what you can do to help homeless vets this Veterans\u2019 Day<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>4. Think tank:<\/strong> Instead of reporting on an existing solution to a problem, these stories engage experts on how they think a problem should be solved. A good solutions story contains reporting about existing responses to problems and the results.\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 Example:<\/strong> Try single-payer, conservative-style, for a bold health care fix<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><strong>5. The Heart-Warmer:<\/strong> This one shares similarities with hero worship. The boy raising money for a friend with cancer with a lemonade stand. The celebrity sending pizza to overworked healthcare workers. These are good-news, feel-good stories about human kindness. These are fine in themselves, but they don\u2019t get to the structural issues that solutions journalism wants to address. Solutions stories cover replicable, scalable responses to a problem, and include insights that can help others adopt or adapt a solution to their own communities.<\/div><div><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Example:<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> Special Friendship With Rescue Parrot Helps Homeless Jazz Singer Find Her Wings<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">Example:<\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text );\"> A rugby star trains Uganda&#8217;s rugby kids during the pandemic lockdown<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12fd43fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12fd43fe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f47d74b\" data-id=\"f47d74b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10aaab4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"10aaab4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-69e6180 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"69e6180\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-62909143\" data-id=\"62909143\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a75f45c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a75f45c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">What is the potential for constructive journalism in the Global South? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c5b1684 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c5b1684\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cWestern\u201d principles of journalism have over decades dominated journalism education in the Global South \u2013 principles that were deeply rooted in traditions and political realities of Europe and North America. The concepts of constructive journalism are one response to the global crisis of media in the digital age, but have mainly been developed, again, in Europe and the United States. Can they nevertheless be relevant for media professionals in other parts of the world?<\/p><p><strong>Some similarities:<\/strong> Both digital disruption and journalism cultures that follow the \u201cif it bleeds, it leads\u201d principle are found in newsrooms across the Global South. However, there are a range of realities in these regions that will impact the possibilities and potential of constructive journalism as well as its implementation in the local context. Some are below.\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>Societies in conflict: <\/strong>In a context of violence and high tension, journalists must take great care when considering the language and framing they use. These choices can exacerbate volatile situations. In such cases, constructive journalism approaches should be combined with elements of conflict-sensitive reporting.<\/p><p><strong>Examples:<\/strong> The Danish media development organization International Media Support and the Constructive Institute carried out two constructive journalism projects. The first one, located in Colombia, <a href=\"https:\/\/constructiveinstitute.org\/news\/post-conflict-journalism-a-constructive-pilot\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">looked at the protracted war there and how it was reported<\/a>. It also considered a recently signed peace agreement and the need for journalists to engage in democratic conversation about the country\u2019s future. A <a href=\"https:\/\/consejoderedaccion.org\/publicaciones\/periodismo-para-cambiar-el-chip-de-la-guerra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">guidebook<\/a> was also published (in Spanish).\u00a0 The second project was a curriculum developed with the American University in Beirut which taught both constructive and conflict-sensitive journalism in one class of Lebanese journalism students.<\/p><p><strong>Levels of democracy:<\/strong> The stated ambition of the constructive journalism model is that its reporting will contribute to and support democracy. In authoritarian regimes, there is a high risk that constructive journalism could be misused and many urge reporters to use caution. According to some experts, there is often a problematic demand for \u201cpositive\u201d, uncritical news about governments. Constructive journalism should be separated clearly from notions of uncritical journalism. Instead of increasing trust, a constructive approach here might do the opposite as it could be perceived as \u201cairbrushed\u201d news, biased and even propagandistic. The promotion of dialogue and engagement, pillar three, could be difficult or dangerous under authoritarian regimes. But even in an authoritarian environment, a constructive approach on the local level with local issues that are not politically sensitive might well be possible.<\/p><p>In young and relatively stable democracies in the Global South, media experts see opportunities for journalists to work constructively and act as the fourth pillar of democracy. According to journalist Cathrine Gyldensted, constructive journalism is \u201cholding power to account by asking them to solve, collaborate, seek a civil debate \u2013 instead of usual conflicts, disagreeing, polarization\u201d. Some media professionals are concerned that when people are encouraged to fix their problems on their own, government officials might be tempted to lean back and stop making any effort at all.<\/p><p><strong>Constructive = complacent? <\/strong>In an interview with the World Editors Forum 2014, <a href=\"https:\/\/blogarchive.wan-ifra.org\/2014\/11\/18\/constructive-journalism-emerging-mega-trend-or-a-recipe-for-complacency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prof. Anton Harber<\/a> from WITS University South Africa expressed his fear that journalists would try to be positive at the expense of truth telling. \u201cNews is only constructive if you want a sleepy, complacent society, not if you want active, engaged citizens.\u201d According to Harber, constructive journalism undercuts the journalist\u2019s central role of calling the powerful to account. However, constructive journalism proponents counter that ethics and standards, good reporting skills and a critical eye are all key elements of their approach.<\/p><p><strong>Post-colonial heritage:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/1464884918770555\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanne Rotmeijer<\/a> analyzed local journalism on the Caribbean island of St. Maarten and found a culture in which people live in small communities, are related to many others in those communities and fear outspokenness \u2013 a\u00a0 reflection of the colonial past. Constructive stories about local businesses that seek to foster economic development could easily become PR. To her it seems counterproductive that local journalists use words of inclusion in news stories, while the same local journalists do not have the capacity or the courage to address ongoing policies of exclusion. Under such circumstances, and they might be similar in other post-colonial societies, a journalistic focus on social stability would reproduce \u201cthe local \u2018sugar coated\u2019 community and may play into the hands of the ones in power\u201d.<\/p><p><strong>Building bridges:<\/strong> Many societies in Africa and the Middle East are highly polarized. This makes it extremely difficult for journalists to avoid being used by one side or the other. Often, they are led into a toxic cycle of accusation and name calling by political and business elites. But when the media objectively reports on problems and solutions and offers nuanced coverage that acknowledges both sides\u2019 viewpoints, officials and leaders can no longer argue that the media has an agenda since it reports on wrongdoings and on solutions regardless of who is behind them. Journalists can also build bridges between communities and guide democratic discussion into areas which directly impact audiences, such as education and climate change.<\/p><p><strong>Initiatives in the regions: <\/strong><\/p><p><strong>The Middle East: <\/strong>Young journalists and small media startups are starting to get interested in the constructive approach even though there are hardly any best-practice examples of constructive journalism to be found in Arabic. In 2020, former BBC journalist Dina Aboughazala launched <a href=\"https:\/\/www.egab.co\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Egab<\/em><\/a>, a solutions journalism initiative for local journalists in the Middle East and Africa. The aim is to help journalists in these regions successfully pitch to international news outlets. Egyptian by birth, Aboughazala wants to shift how her region and others are perceived both at home and abroad. Egab\u2019s name is derived from the Arabic word Egabiya (positivity) and Egaba (answer). \u201cEgypt is always in the news for the worst reasons. People think that countries in my region &#8211; the Middle East &amp; Africa &#8211; only offer problems and there\u2019s no chance anything will be fixed\u201d she said.<\/p><p><strong>Africa: <\/strong>Even though constructive journalism is still not very widespread in African countries, more and more young media outlets or platforms like <a href=\"https:\/\/africanofilter.org\/bird-stories\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Africa No Filter<\/em><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/africanofilter.org\/bird-stories\"> (bird stories)<\/a> have started to tell African stories differently. They have stopped copying the perspective of international media from the Global North and begun countering stereotypes and providing inspiring and solutions-focused stories. Same for <a href=\"https:\/\/africanarguments.org\/about-african-arguments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>African Arguments<\/em><\/a>, a pan-African platform for news, investigation and opinion that seeks a diversity of voices. The Kenya-based <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mobilejournalism.co.ke\/about\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Mobile Journalism Africa<\/em><\/a> network of journalists takes a similar approach while shrinking the gap between reporters and sources with mobile devices. Many experts complain about a lack of professionalism and a lack of transparency regarding media ownership. But over the last years, media initiatives in many African countries have set up fact-checking and verification platforms and trained other media professionals. First steps in constructive journalism could build upon these initiatives and the journalists they have trained. After some best practices are in place and a few success stories publicized, more media managers and editors could become interested in the approach.<\/p><p><strong>South Asia:<\/strong> Media practitioners and analysts in South Asia see the benefits of constructive journalism in their region similarly as proponents in Europe and North America do: countering a conflict-only narrative that has taken hold in the media and giving room to stories of solutions and even inspiration. There is already some engagement with the constructive approach in South Asia, particularly in India. Two online operations there, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebetterindia.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Better India<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thequint.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Quint<\/a><em>,<\/em> regularly do constructive stories, although the former sometimes veers into positive journalism.<\/p><p>Given the stretched resources of most South Asian news operations and the traditional attitudes shared by many experienced journalists, small experimental steps at the beginning will be important as well as convincing media house owners and editors of the value of this new approach. One risk is that constructive stories could be perceived as PR. If news coverage puts the government or military in a good light, observers from Pakistan pointed out, there would be suspicions that the news organization was trying to curry favor with those in power. Local issues and local media are the most promising testing grounds for a constructive approach, and young people are likely to be more open to it in general. They are underserved by the media and rarely see their concerns addressed.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-318792be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"318792be\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-736a0dca\" data-id=\"736a0dca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ac4a271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ac4a271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-7770\" src=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5_CJTB_B-T17.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" srcset=\"https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5_CJTB_B-T17.png 130w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5_CJTB_B-T17-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/techsupport-dev.de\/cjtoolbox\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/5_CJTB_B-T17-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 40px) 100vw, 40px\" \/><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7eeef7dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7eeef7dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">More Information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26dc67de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"26dc67de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>What is Constructive Journalism\/CoJo? (Caterine Gyldensted\u2019s website)<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cathrinegyldensted.com\/constructive-journalism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.cathrinegyldensted.com\/constructive-journalism<\/a><\/p><p><strong>What is Positive Psychology and How Can It Help?<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.talkspace.com\/blog\/positive-psychology-definition-guide-what-is\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.talkspace.com\/positive-psychology-definition<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Innovating News Journalism through Positive Psychology (2011)<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/mapp_capstone\/20\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.repository.upenn.edu<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Solutions Journalism Toolbox, Solutions Journalism Network<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/learninglab.solutionsjournalism.org\/en\/courses\/basic-toolkit\/introduction\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.learninglab.solutionsjournalism.org\/basic-toolkit<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Discovering Solutions: How are Journalists Applying Solutions Journalism to Change the Way News is Reported and What Do They Hope to Accomplish?<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/digital.library.unt.edu\/ark:\/67531\/metadc1404534\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.digital.library.unt.edu<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Interview with Die Zeit-Editor in chief Maria Exner on \u201cGermany Talks\u201d:<\/strong> <br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zzwO2xIpXo8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.youtube.com\/Maria-Exner<\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u2018The audience wanted this\u2019 &#8211; moving past problem reporting and focusing on solutions<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/thewholestory.solutionsjournalism.org\/the-audience-wanted-this-e160c893ddde\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.thewholestory.solutionsjournalism.org<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Explainer: What is Constructive Journalism (Constructive Institute)<\/strong><br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=hrFuQ4SjUO4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.youtube.com\/explainer-constructive-journalism<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Solutions Story Tracker, Solutions Journalism Network<\/strong> <br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.solutionsjournalism.org\/storytracker\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.solutionsjournalism.org\/storytracker<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Essentials Constructive approach Main topics: Constructive journalism introduction, change of mindset andfocus, add-on to investigative and breaking news, three constructive pillars,elements of a solutions story, goals of constructive journalism,what constructive journalism is and what it is not. 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